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**
ENDEMIC BIRDS OF SRI LANKA ** |
Ceylon
Spur fowl Galloperdix
bicalcarata |
Ceylon
Jungle fowl Gallus lafayettii |
Ceylon
Wood pigeon
Columba horringtonii |
Ceylon
Lorikeet Loriculus beryllinus areas |
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A
rather uncommon ground bird which mainly inhabits the rain
forests of the wet zone, and is scarce in the montane forests
of the higher hills and tall forests of the dry zone. It is
very shy, and lives in pairs. Sites:Ingiriya forest, Kitulgala
forest, (Gilimale forest) and Sinharaja forest. |
A
fairly common bird in forested areas throughout the Island.
It is rather shy but oftern comes out to open places in the
mornings and evenings, especially in the dry zone.
Sites: Yala, Bundala, and Udawalawe National Parks and Sinharaja
Forest.
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A
scarce forest pigeon of montane forests and nearby well-wooded
habitats in the higher hills. Usually shy, it lives in pairs
or occasionally in small groups. It some times descends to
the forests in the lower hills.
Sites: Horton Plains National Park, Hakgala Botanic Gardens
and Sinharaja and Tangamale (Haputale) forests.
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A
fairly common small parrot in forested areas in the wet zone
and adjacent areas of the dry zone. Usually lives singly or
in pairs and sometimes in small parties.
Sites: Ingiriya, Kitulgala, Gilimale, Singharaja and Udawattekele
forests, Peradeniya Botanic Gardens and home gardens in Rathnapura,
Kandy and Kalutara areas. |
Layard’s
Prakeet
Psittacula Calthropac |
Red-Faced
Malkoha
haenicophaeus Pyrrhocephalus |
Green-Billed
Coucal
Centropus Chlororhynchos |
Chestnut-backed
Owlet
Glaucidium Castanonotum |
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A
rather uncommon parakeet which mainly inhabits forested areas
of the wet zone. Smaller numbers occur in the drier parts
of the hills (on the eastern slope) and adjacent foothills.
Usually lives in pairs and sometimes in small flocks.
Sites: Kitulgala, Gilimale, Sinharaja and Udawattekele forests,
and Peradeniya Botanic Gardens. |
A
rare forest bird mainly inhabiting large rainforests at lower
elevations of the wet zone. Small colonies are found in some
some tall forest areas of the dry zone. It usually lives in
pairs and is a shy bird, preferring the dense canopy of tall
trees.
Sites: Kitulgala and Sinharaja forests. |
A
rare forest coucal inhabiting dense undergrowth of rain forests
in the wet zone. It lives in pairs, and is very elusive.
Possible Sites: Ingiriya and Sinharaja Forests. |
A
rather common bird in forested areas of the wet zone. Lives
in pairs. It is oftern active in daytime.
Sites: Kitulgala, Gilimale and Sinharaja forests.
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Ceylon
Grey Hornbill Ocyceros gingalensis |
Yellow-fronted
Barbet
(Crimson-fronted Barbet) Megalaima flavifrons |
Ceylon
Small Barbet
(Crimson-fronted Barbet) Megalaima
rubricapilla |
Black-capped
Bulbul
(Black- headed Yellow Bulbul) pycnonotus melanicterus |
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A
rather common bird mainly in forested areas of the wet zone
and the dry zone . Lives in pairs or in small flacks.
Sites: Ingiriya, Kitulgala, Gilimale, Sinharaja and Sigiriya
forests.
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A
fairly common barbet in forests and well-wooded areas of the
wet zone, but less common in the drier parts of the foothills.
Usually lives singly.
Sites: Ingiriya, Kitulgala, Rathnapura, Gilimale, Siharaja,
Kandy, Sigiriya forests.
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A
fairly common barbet through the Island except in the higher
hills, more common in the wet zone. It is found where ever
there are tall trees but avoids undisturbed deep parts of
large rainforests in the wet zone. Lives singly or in pairs
and forms flocks especially during the fruiting season.
Sites: Colombo, Bellanwila- Attidiya, Ingiriya, Kitulgala,
Ratnapura, Gilimale, Sinharaja, Kandy, Sigiriya, etc.
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A
rather common bulbul in rain forests and adjoining areas of
the wet zone and less so in tall forests and adjoining areas
of the wet zone and less so in tall forests of the dry zone.
It lives in pairs.
Sites: Ingiriya, Kitulgala, Gilimale, Sinharaja, Udawattekele,
and Sigiriya Forests.
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Yellow-eared
Bulbul
Pycnonotus Penicillatus |
Ceylon
Whistling Thrush
Myiophoneus blighi |
Spotted-winged
Thrush
Thrush Zoothera Spiloptera |
Ceylon
Warbler
(Sri Lanka Bush-Warbler) Bradypterus palliseri |
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A
common bulbul in montane forests and home gardens in the higher
hills. It ususlly lives in pairs and is a rather shy bird.
Sites: Hortain Plains National Park, Hakgala Botanic Gardens
and Nuwara Eliya and Haputale. |
A
rear thrush which inhabits dense undergrowth of montane forests
in the higher hills. A very elusive bird. It prefers to live
near water, singly or in pairs.
Sites: Horton Plains National Park and Hakgala area. |
A
rather common thrush in rain and montane forests, and adjoining
wooded habitats of the wet zone up to the higher hills. A
shy bird, it usually lives singly. It is a fine songbird
Sites: Ingiriya, Kitulgala, Gilimale , Sinharaja and Tangamale
(Haputale) forests,and Hortain Plains National Park.
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Arather
rare warbler which inhabits dense undergrowth and shrubs in
the montane forests of the higher hills. It is an elusive
bird, which lives in pairs.
Sites: Hakgala Botanic Gardens, Hortain Plains National Park,
Galway’s forest (Nuwara Eliya) and Tangamale forest
(Haputale).
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Dusky-blue
Flycatcher
(Dull-blue flycatcher) Eumyias Sordida |
Brown-capped
Babber
Pellorneum fusocapillum |
Ceylon
Rufous Babbler
(Orange-billed Babbler) Turdoides rufescens |
Ashy-headed
Laughing Thrush
Garrulax Cinereifroms |
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A
fairly common flycatcher in montane forests, wooded gardens
and tea estates in the higher hills. It is rather shy and
usually solitary.
Sites: Hakgola Botanic Gardens, Hortain Plains National Parks,
Galway’s forests (Nuwara Eliya) and Tangamale forest
(Haputale).
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A
rather common babbler which inhabits under growth of forests
and nearby wooded habitats in the wet and dry zones and up
to the mid hills. It is rather shy and lives in pairs.
Sites: Ingiriya, Kitulgala, Gilimale, Sinharaja, Udawattekele
and Sigiriya forests and Udawalawe and Yala National Parks. |
A
family common babbler in large rain forests which are contiguous
with the former. Mainly a tree dweller. It is a noisy bird
which lives in flocks.
Sites: Kitulgala and Sinharaja forests and Horton Plains National
Park.
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Arather
uncommon babbler in large rain forests and some montance forests
contiguous with the former, up to the mid hills. It is rather
shy and mainly a ground dwelling bird. Lives in flocks.
Sites: Kitulgala and Singharaja Forests. |
Legge’s
Flowerpecker
(White-throated Flowerpecker) Dicaeeum vincens |
Ceylon
Hill White eye
Zosterops Ceylonensis |
Ceylon
Blue Magpie
Cissa ornate |
Ceylon
White-headed Starling
(White-faced Starling) Sturnus albofrontatus |
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A
rather common flower pecker in rain forests and nearby wooded
habitats. It is usually solitary and a dweller of the tree canopies.
Sites: Ingiriya, Kitulgala, Gilimale and Sinharaja Forests.
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A
common bird in gardens and forests from the mid hills upwords,
with small numbers occurring in some rain forests in the foot
hills. It is not shy, and lives in flocks.
Sites: Nuwara Eliya, Hakgala Botanic Gardens, Horton Plains
National Park, Galway’s (Nuwara Eliya), Tangamale (Haputale)
and Sinharaja forests.
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An
uncommon bird inhabiting large rain forests and dense montane
forests, and sometimes wooded habitats adjoining them. It is
rather shy and lives usually in pairs or sometimes in small
flocks.
Sites: Kitulgala and Sinharaja forests and Horton Plains National
Park.
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A
rather rare starling in large rain forests. It is usually
a dweller of tree canopies and lives in pairs or small parties.
Sites: Sinharaja Forests
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Ceylon
Hill-Mynah
(Sri Lanka Mynah)
Gracula ptilogenys |
Ceylon
Hill Munia
(Black-throated Munia) Lonchura kelaarti |
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A
rather uncommon bird which inhabits large rain forests and
adjoining montane forests. It lives in pairs or small parties
and prefers the canopy of tall trees.
Sites: Kitulgala, Gilimale and Sinharaja forests.
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An
uncommon muina in plantations, grasslands and wooded habitats
in the hills and even less common in habitats adjoining rain
forests in the foothills. It lives in pairs or in flacks.
Sites: Kitulgala, Sinharaja and Tangamale (Haputale) forests,
Hakgala, Hakgala Botanic Gardens and Horton Plains National
Park.
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Main
Sites for Bird Watching |
| KITHULGALA
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rain forest across the Kelani River from Kithulgala resthouse, east
of Colombo. At the foot of the central mountain massif, this is the
area of higest rainfall in Sri Lanka. Mountain and rufous-bellied
Hawk-Eagles, Besra Sparrowhawk, Crested Goshawk, Pompadour Green Pigeon,
Ceylon Frogmouth, Ceylon(Malabar) Trogon, Ediblr-nest Swift(Indian
Swiftler), Three-toed (Oriental Dwarf) and stork-billed Kingfishers,
Lesser Yellow-naped Woodpecker, Indian Blue Chat(Robin), Green and
Largo-billed Leaf Warblers, Layard’s (Brown-breasted) Flycatcher,
Paradise Flycatcher, Indian Scimitar Babbler, Gold- fronted Chloropsis(Leafbird),
Ceylon Crested Drongo. |
| BELLANWILA
:: Attidiya Sanctuary |
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| A
marshland just of Colombo with urban surroundings. Yellow, Chestnut
(Cinnamon) and Black Bitterns, Watercock, Stork-billed Kingfisher,
Blyth’s Reed and Pallas’s Grasshopper Warblers, Loten’s
(Long – billed) Sunbird... |
| RATHNAPURA
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| Garden
and surroundings of Rathnaloka Tour Inn near Ratnapura east of Colombo,
30 m above sea level. Blossom-headed (Plum-headed) parakeet, Edible-nest
Swift (Indian Swiftlet Chestnut-headed Bee-eater, Brown-headed Barbet,
Brown-capped pygmy Woodpecket, Indian Pitta, Black headed Cuckoo-
Shrike, White-browned bulbul, White-throated(Tawny-bellied) Babbler,(Asia)
Brown Flycathcer. |
| GILIMALE
FOREST :: |
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A
rain forest north-east of Rathnapura. Pompadour Green Pigeon, Green
Imperial Pigeon, Ceylon (Malabar) Trogon, Three-toed(Oriental Dwarf)
Kingfisher, Lesser Yellow-naped Woodpecker, Indian Blue Chat(Robin),
Green and Large-billed Leaf Warblers, Layard’s (Brown-breasted)
Flycatcher, Indain Scimitar Babbler, Gold – fronted Chloropsis
(Leafbird), Ceylon Crested Drongo. |
| SINGHARAJA
RAIN FOREST :: |
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large rain forest south of Rathnapura, one of the best remaining in
the Island. Black Eagle, Mountain and Rufous-bellied Hawk-Eagles,
Besra Sparrowhawk, Krested Goshawk, Pompadour Green Pigeon, Indian
Cuckoo, Red winged Crested (Chestnut-winged) Chuckoo, Ceylon frogmouth,
Ceylon (Malabar) Trogon, Brown –throated Spinetail Swift (Brown
–backed Needletail), Edible-nest Swift(Indian Swiftlet), Lesser
Yellow-naped Woodpecker, Indian Blue Chat(Robin), Green and Large-billed
Leaf Warblers, Scaly thrush, Layard’s (Brown-breasted)Flycatcher,
Paradise Flycatcher, Indian Scimitar Babbler, Gold – fronted
Chloropsis (Leafbird), Ceylon Crested Drongo. Among other animals,
vry likely to be seen here are the endemic Purple-faced Leaf Monkey
and the Giant Squirrel. |
| UDAWALAWE
NATIONAL PARK :: |
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| A
mix of habitats in the dry zone:grassland, scrubland, tall forest
and water-associated. South of the hill zone, near Embilipitiya. Spotbilled
Pelican, Lesse Adjutant and other water Birds, Grey –headed
Fishing Eagle and other raptors, Yellow-wattled Lapwing, Blossomheaded
(Plum-headed)parakeet, Blue-faced Malkoha, Sirkeer(Malkoha), Indian
Plaintive (Grey-bellied) Chckoo, Brown Fish owl, Crested Tree Swift,
MALABAR pied Hornbill, Forest Wagtail, Blyth’s pipit, Yellow-fronted
Pied(Yellow-crowned) Woodpecker, Indian Pitta, Yellow-eyed Babbler,
Large (Jungle) Prinia. The Park is especially good for Indian Elephant. |
| TISSAMAHARAMAYA
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| Five
large tanks (reservoirs) around Tissamaharamaya in the south –
east. With paddy fields and urban surroundings. Yellow, Chestnut (Cinnamon)
and Black Bitterns, Cotton Teal (Pygmy-goose), Pheasant- tailed Jacana,
Watercock and many other water birds, Blue faced Malkoha, Brown Fish
Owl, Stork billed Kingfisher, Black – backed Yellow (White napped)
Woodpecker, Clamorous reed Warbler. |
| BUNDALA
NATIONAL PARK :: |
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A
large park in the dry zone comprising scrubland, grass flats, monsoon
forest and rock out crops with waterholes; it includes much of the
south –east coast of the island. Spot-billed Pelican, Lesser
Adjutant, Black – necked Stork, Grey – Headed Fishing
Eagle, Great stone-plover ( Great Thick – Knee), Yellow wattled
Lapwing and other waders, pied Crested Cuckoo, Blue-faced Malkoha,
Sirkeer (Malkoha), Indian Paintive (Grey – Bellied) Cuckoo,
Jungle Owlet, Indian and Long-tailed (Jerdon’s) Nightjars, Crested
Tree Swift, Malabar Pies Hornbill, Yellow-fronted Pied (Yellow-cowned)
and Black backed Yellow (White-naped) Woodpeckers, Indian Pitta, Ashy-crowned,
Finch-Lark(Sparrow Lark), Large(Jungle)Prinia, Brahminy Mynah (Starling)
Baya Weaver.
Some of the animals likely to be seen are the Indian Elephant. Spotted
Deer,(Chital) Sambhur, Golden Jackal, Ruddy Mongoose, Sloth Bear,
Leopard, Wild Boar and Marsh and Estuarine Crocodiles. |
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